UNIT 6: WHAT CAN I DO TO CHANGE THE WORLD?

SESSION 1: LIVES THAT CHANGED OUR WORLD EXAMPLES OF INSPIRATIONAL PEOPLE

 In this session we are going to have a look at the lives of some people that tried to improve their lives and the lives of the people in their communities and societies as they could not accept that people’s rights were being denied. We are going to focus on 3 men: MARTIN LUTHER KING, NELSON MANDELA and MOHANDAS GANDHI. But we should also mention the names of other people that wanted to change some aspects of the world like Mother Theresa, John Lennon, Dalai Lama, Rigoberta Menchú, etc.

Nelson Mandela ( Umtata)

Martin Luther King   (Atlanta)









Mohandas Gandhi  (Porbandar)

John Winston Lennon,(Liverpool)

Dalai Lama (China)

Mother Teresa (India)











Rigoberta Menchú Tum  (Chimel, Guatemala )










EXERCISE 1 Answer the following questions:

1. Luther King, Mandela and Gandhi took action in different ways because they saw some human rights were being denied to some groups of people. Describe the denial of human rights in their 3 cases.
2. How did they protest against what they thought was not right? (marches, demonstrations, etc)
3. Did any of them go to prison? If so, how long were they there?
4. Are they all 3 still alive? If not, how did they die?
5. Do the problems that they wanted to solve still exist in society nowadays?
6. Do you think they contributed to improving their communities? If so, in which way?

     1- -Black americans did not have the same  rights as  white americans.
         -But independence was followed by terrible fighting between people of the Hindu religion and people who were Moslems. 
        -because of the colour of their skin. 
    2-They protested pescefully.
    3- Mandela was in prisin for 28 years.
       Ghandi was in prision for 6 years or more.
   4- Martin Luther King and Ghandi were Killed and Mandela is still alive.
   5-  Complete equality is doesn't exist for everyboby.
   6-  Yes, because human rights were improved.


EXERCISE 2:

Rosa Parks:

Rosa Parks refusal to give up her bus seat to a white man indirectly led to some of the most significant civil rights legislation of American history. She sought to play down her role in the civil rights struggle but for her peaceful and dignified campaigning she became one of the most well respected figures in the civil rights movements.

   

SESSION 5:MILLENIUM CAMPAIGN: VOICES AGAINST POVERTY

MILLENIUM CAMPAIGN

	1: Eredicar els extrems de pobresa i gana2: Aconseguir la primèria universal.3: Promoure la igualtat de gènere i poder de les dones4: Reduir la mortalitat infantil5: Millorar la salut maternal6: Combatir la malaria i altres enfermetas7: Asegurarla sostenibilitat del medi ambient8: Desemvolupar la complicitat global per al desenvolupament

UNIT 5: HELPING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

SESSION 1:HOW DO RICH COUNTRIES HELP THE POOR ONES?

The People of the Rich North give AID to developing countries in order to help them deal with many of the problems that they face.  There are different types of aid that can be given, some that will last for a long time (Long Term Aid) and others that will last for only a short period (short-term Aid). Look at the pictures below showing the main forms of aid given to the countries of the Poor South.

SPECIALIST WORKERS Rich countries can often send out experts or specialist workers like doctors, teachers, engineers and managers to help poor countries build up their own businesses and industries and help other people.

MONEY AID Many rich countries give loans to poor countries, but often they must be paid back.  Sometimes grants are given; this money does not need to be paid back.           FOOD AID Rich countries sometimes have a lot more food than they need, and they can send things like wheat, corn, flour, powered milk and cheese to people in poor countries.     MILITARY AID If a friendly government is under attack from rebels, rich countries can help by sending tanks, guns and sometimes troops to help it stay in power.       EQUIPMENT Special farming machinery like tractors and harvesters can be sent to poor countries, and machinery for use in factories can also be sent to build up industries.     EMERGENCY AID Sometimes we hear of disasters like earthquakes, floods and droughts in poor countries, and rich countries help by sending things like tents, food, clothing and medicines

 

PROBLEM 4. LACK OF FOOD

One of the biggest problems facing the people of the Poor South is that they do not have enough food. According to scientists if we eat less than 2,200 calories a day, we are not getting enough food. A calorie is the amount of energy food gives us, for example, 125g of Greek yogurt provide us with 155kcal.

There are many reasons why countries do not have enough food. NATURAL DISASTERS such as earthquakes and floods sometimes affect how much food we have. Natural disasters can sometimes lead to FAMINE or DROUGHT.                                 

                                                                      EARTHQUAKES

     FLOODS

 

DROUGHT

          

                      FAMINE

                                                          

  

Write your answers in the boxes!

1. According to the scientist, what is the minimum number of calories per day a person needs to survive?

The minimum number of calories a day a person needs to survive is…2,200 calories

2. Study the table, and use it to complete the passage below:

Country	Daily Calorie Intake
United Kingdom	3218
India	2204
Nigeria	2114
Uganda	2221

1. I think the country least likely to experience a food shortage is the ....United Kingdom.... My reason for choosing this country is has the highest daily calorie intake of.....3218..... calories per day
2. The country most likely to experience food shortage is.....Nigeria...... This is because it has the lowest daily calorie intake of......2114.....per day.

                                                                               

Problem 3: War

Many developing countries also experience the problem of war. Many of the wars that take place are civil wars. This means that they are wars that take place within a country between different groups of people, rather that between different countries. The map below shows some African countries affected by war. Wars are bad for a country because they use up most of their financial resources on weapons whereas they cannot afford to buy food to feed themselves.

Decide whether the following sentences are true or false:

1. The most usual wars in developing countries are between different countries
2. Wars are really bad for a country because money is spent on weapons instead of being spent on necessary things.

SUDAN   

1985-1995

ETHIOPIA
1974-1979

Problem 2: No Education

Education is a very important part of people’s lives. In Catalonia and Scotland, for example, the Government thinks it is important to educate children free of charge. Being able to read and write is important because without education people cannot do many things in life, especially find a good job. In most developing countries parents must pay to send their children to school. Many people cannot afford to do this and this means that the majority of people are unable to read or write. Even when children in the developing world attend school, their schools are poorly equipped and there is usually a shortage of teachers. As a result, many developing countries have low rates of literacy.

 EXERCISE 1
Answer the following questions using your own words:

1. Why are children in Catalonia and Scotland so lucky when it comes to education?
2. Why is it important to be able to read and write?
3. Why are many children in the developing south unable to read and write?

     1.We are lucky because education is free in on  country.
     2.It is important to be able to read and write in order to find a good job.
     3.Children in the developing world are not able to read and write because
       ·Schools are poorly equiped.
       ·There is a shortage of teachers.
       ·Education is not free.

PROBLEMS FACING THE DEVELOPING WORLD

There are many problems facing the countries of the Poor South. We regularly see pictures of the Poor South on TV and in newspapers. Many of the people living in these countries are less well off than we are. They are homeless, experience health problems, have little food and are poorly educated, and sometimes also affected by war.
But not everyone who lives in the Poor South is poor. Some people live in comfortable houses, wear good clothes and eat good food. Some countries in the Middle East and Asia have their populations split into the very rich and the very poor. Other areas such as Africa have almost total poverty.

PROBLEM 1: HEALTH
Most people living in the developing world have very poor health. Life expectancy provides us with information about the health of a country. In Catalonia we have El Servei Català de Salut, which looks after our health. In the United Kingdom they have the National Health Service. As a result people in Catalunya or UK can expect to live 75 years on average, whereas countries like Sudan have a life expectancy of 53 years.

WHY DO PEOPLE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES HAVE POOR HEALTH?
Poor Sanitation: 2.9 billion people do not have safe sanitation facilities
No doctors: there is a shortage of doctors and nurses
No free medicines: people must pay for their medicines
No free health care: people must pay to see a doctor.

EXERCISE 1
Now complete this table:

There are ...4... main reasons why people in developing countries have poor health.  One is that there are poor ...sanitation..... facilities.  For example,....2'9.... billion people do not have things like clean drinking water.  A second reason is that there is a shortage of .....doctors.... and nurses.  Also, there is no ....free.... health care as people have to ......pay...... for their medicines.

EXERCISE 2

Compare the two countries in the table below very carefully and state which of the two countries is the healthiest. You have to use full sentences and provide evidence by using the statistics in the table. You should start saying:

- I think ...United Kingdom... is the healthiest country because the table shows that people there live ...75...  years, whereas in ...Sudan... people live ..52 years...

- I think United Kingdom is the healthiest country because the table shows 7 per 1000 babies born die in UK, whereas in Sudan 107 per 1000 babies born die.

- I think United Kingdom is the healthiest country because the table shows 1 doctor looks after 710 patients in UK, whereas in Sudan 1 doctor looks after 11.110 patiets.

United Kingdom		SUDAN
75 years	Life Expectancy	52 years
7 per 1000 babies born	Infant Mortality (How many babies die per 1000 born)	107 per 1000 babies born
1 Doctor: 710 patients	Doctor Patient Ratio (How many patients a doctor looks after)	1 doctor: 11,110 patients