UNIT 6: WHAT CAN I DO TO CHANGE THE WORLD?

SESSION 1: LIVES THAT CHANGED OUR WORLD EXAMPLES OF INSPIRATIONAL PEOPLE

 In this session we are going to have a look at the lives of some people that tried to improve their lives and the lives of the people in their communities and societies as they could not accept that people’s rights were being denied. We are going to focus on 3 men: MARTIN LUTHER KING, NELSON MANDELA and MOHANDAS GANDHI. But we should also mention the names of other people that wanted to change some aspects of the world like Mother Theresa, John Lennon, Dalai Lama, Rigoberta Menchú, etc.

Nelson Mandela ( Umtata)

Martin Luther King   (Atlanta)









Mohandas Gandhi  (Porbandar)

John Winston Lennon,(Liverpool)

Dalai Lama (China)

Mother Teresa (India)











Rigoberta Menchú Tum  (Chimel, Guatemala )










EXERCISE 1 Answer the following questions:

1. Luther King, Mandela and Gandhi took action in different ways because they saw some human rights were being denied to some groups of people. Describe the denial of human rights in their 3 cases.
2. How did they protest against what they thought was not right? (marches, demonstrations, etc)
3. Did any of them go to prison? If so, how long were they there?
4. Are they all 3 still alive? If not, how did they die?
5. Do the problems that they wanted to solve still exist in society nowadays?
6. Do you think they contributed to improving their communities? If so, in which way?

     1- -Black americans did not have the same  rights as  white americans.
         -But independence was followed by terrible fighting between people of the Hindu religion and people who were Moslems. 
        -because of the colour of their skin. 
    2-They protested pescefully.
    3- Mandela was in prisin for 28 years.
       Ghandi was in prision for 6 years or more.
   4- Martin Luther King and Ghandi were Killed and Mandela is still alive.
   5-  Complete equality is doesn't exist for everyboby.
   6-  Yes, because human rights were improved.


EXERCISE 2:

Rosa Parks:

Rosa Parks refusal to give up her bus seat to a white man indirectly led to some of the most significant civil rights legislation of American history. She sought to play down her role in the civil rights struggle but for her peaceful and dignified campaigning she became one of the most well respected figures in the civil rights movements.

   

SESSION 5:MILLENIUM CAMPAIGN: VOICES AGAINST POVERTY

MILLENIUM CAMPAIGN

	1: Eredicar els extrems de pobresa i gana2: Aconseguir la primèria universal.3: Promoure la igualtat de gènere i poder de les dones4: Reduir la mortalitat infantil5: Millorar la salut maternal6: Combatir la malaria i altres enfermetas7: Asegurarla sostenibilitat del medi ambient8: Desemvolupar la complicitat global per al desenvolupament

UNIT 5: HELPING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

SESSION 1:HOW DO RICH COUNTRIES HELP THE POOR ONES?

The People of the Rich North give AID to developing countries in order to help them deal with many of the problems that they face.  There are different types of aid that can be given, some that will last for a long time (Long Term Aid) and others that will last for only a short period (short-term Aid). Look at the pictures below showing the main forms of aid given to the countries of the Poor South.

SPECIALIST WORKERS Rich countries can often send out experts or specialist workers like doctors, teachers, engineers and managers to help poor countries build up their own businesses and industries and help other people.

MONEY AID Many rich countries give loans to poor countries, but often they must be paid back.  Sometimes grants are given; this money does not need to be paid back.           FOOD AID Rich countries sometimes have a lot more food than they need, and they can send things like wheat, corn, flour, powered milk and cheese to people in poor countries.     MILITARY AID If a friendly government is under attack from rebels, rich countries can help by sending tanks, guns and sometimes troops to help it stay in power.       EQUIPMENT Special farming machinery like tractors and harvesters can be sent to poor countries, and machinery for use in factories can also be sent to build up industries.     EMERGENCY AID Sometimes we hear of disasters like earthquakes, floods and droughts in poor countries, and rich countries help by sending things like tents, food, clothing and medicines

 

PROBLEM 4. LACK OF FOOD

One of the biggest problems facing the people of the Poor South is that they do not have enough food. According to scientists if we eat less than 2,200 calories a day, we are not getting enough food. A calorie is the amount of energy food gives us, for example, 125g of Greek yogurt provide us with 155kcal.

There are many reasons why countries do not have enough food. NATURAL DISASTERS such as earthquakes and floods sometimes affect how much food we have. Natural disasters can sometimes lead to FAMINE or DROUGHT.                                 

                                                                      EARTHQUAKES

     FLOODS

 

DROUGHT

          

                      FAMINE

                                                          

  

Write your answers in the boxes!

1. According to the scientist, what is the minimum number of calories per day a person needs to survive?

The minimum number of calories a day a person needs to survive is…2,200 calories

2. Study the table, and use it to complete the passage below:

Country	Daily Calorie Intake
United Kingdom	3218
India	2204
Nigeria	2114
Uganda	2221

1. I think the country least likely to experience a food shortage is the ....United Kingdom.... My reason for choosing this country is has the highest daily calorie intake of.....3218..... calories per day
2. The country most likely to experience food shortage is.....Nigeria...... This is because it has the lowest daily calorie intake of......2114.....per day.

                                                                               

Problem 3: War

Many developing countries also experience the problem of war. Many of the wars that take place are civil wars. This means that they are wars that take place within a country between different groups of people, rather that between different countries. The map below shows some African countries affected by war. Wars are bad for a country because they use up most of their financial resources on weapons whereas they cannot afford to buy food to feed themselves.

Decide whether the following sentences are true or false:

1. The most usual wars in developing countries are between different countries
2. Wars are really bad for a country because money is spent on weapons instead of being spent on necessary things.

SUDAN   

1985-1995

ETHIOPIA
1974-1979

Problem 2: No Education

Education is a very important part of people’s lives. In Catalonia and Scotland, for example, the Government thinks it is important to educate children free of charge. Being able to read and write is important because without education people cannot do many things in life, especially find a good job. In most developing countries parents must pay to send their children to school. Many people cannot afford to do this and this means that the majority of people are unable to read or write. Even when children in the developing world attend school, their schools are poorly equipped and there is usually a shortage of teachers. As a result, many developing countries have low rates of literacy.

 EXERCISE 1
Answer the following questions using your own words:

1. Why are children in Catalonia and Scotland so lucky when it comes to education?
2. Why is it important to be able to read and write?
3. Why are many children in the developing south unable to read and write?

     1.We are lucky because education is free in on  country.
     2.It is important to be able to read and write in order to find a good job.
     3.Children in the developing world are not able to read and write because
       ·Schools are poorly equiped.
       ·There is a shortage of teachers.
       ·Education is not free.

PROBLEMS FACING THE DEVELOPING WORLD

There are many problems facing the countries of the Poor South. We regularly see pictures of the Poor South on TV and in newspapers. Many of the people living in these countries are less well off than we are. They are homeless, experience health problems, have little food and are poorly educated, and sometimes also affected by war.
But not everyone who lives in the Poor South is poor. Some people live in comfortable houses, wear good clothes and eat good food. Some countries in the Middle East and Asia have their populations split into the very rich and the very poor. Other areas such as Africa have almost total poverty.

PROBLEM 1: HEALTH
Most people living in the developing world have very poor health. Life expectancy provides us with information about the health of a country. In Catalonia we have El Servei Català de Salut, which looks after our health. In the United Kingdom they have the National Health Service. As a result people in Catalunya or UK can expect to live 75 years on average, whereas countries like Sudan have a life expectancy of 53 years.

WHY DO PEOPLE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES HAVE POOR HEALTH?
Poor Sanitation: 2.9 billion people do not have safe sanitation facilities
No doctors: there is a shortage of doctors and nurses
No free medicines: people must pay for their medicines
No free health care: people must pay to see a doctor.

EXERCISE 1
Now complete this table:

There are ...4... main reasons why people in developing countries have poor health.  One is that there are poor ...sanitation..... facilities.  For example,....2'9.... billion people do not have things like clean drinking water.  A second reason is that there is a shortage of .....doctors.... and nurses.  Also, there is no ....free.... health care as people have to ......pay...... for their medicines.

EXERCISE 2

Compare the two countries in the table below very carefully and state which of the two countries is the healthiest. You have to use full sentences and provide evidence by using the statistics in the table. You should start saying:

- I think ...United Kingdom... is the healthiest country because the table shows that people there live ...75...  years, whereas in ...Sudan... people live ..52 years...

- I think United Kingdom is the healthiest country because the table shows 7 per 1000 babies born die in UK, whereas in Sudan 107 per 1000 babies born die.

- I think United Kingdom is the healthiest country because the table shows 1 doctor looks after 710 patients in UK, whereas in Sudan 1 doctor looks after 11.110 patiets.

United Kingdom		SUDAN
75 years	Life Expectancy	52 years
7 per 1000 babies born	Infant Mortality (How many babies die per 1000 born)	107 per 1000 babies born
1 Doctor: 710 patients	Doctor Patient Ratio (How many patients a doctor looks after)	1 doctor: 11,110 patients

Life in khalipathar vs Life inSant joan despí

05.00-08.00

GIRLS

We get up and brush our teeth.
We collect water from the well up to four times. We carry the water in pots called Garia or Gara. We carry two, sometimes three, pots on our heads at a time. 


BOYS

We get up and brush our teeth. Then we exercise. We go jogging for good health.
I get up at 7:30. I brush our teeth, I do my hear, I dress and I go to school

RICH AND POOR COUNTRIES

Country	Life expectancy	Infant mortality per 1000	Daily food intake in calories	GNP ($)
USA	76	9.7	3642	25,880
NIGERIA	49	121	2114	280
SWEDEN	78	5.8	3049	23,530
UK	76	9.5	3218	18,340
JAPAN	79	4.8	2858	34,630
BRAZIL	65	63	2643	2,970
GERMANY	77	7.5	3476	25,580
INDIA	58	95	2204	320
MALAYSIA	68	30	2723	3,480
UGANDA	49	107	2221	190

1. Which countries on the table are the RICHER countries?

HINT!  There are FIVE of them.

The five RICHER countries are USA  GERMANY  JAPAN  SWEDEN  UK

2. Which countries on the table are the POORER countries?

 HINT!  There are FIVE of them.

The five POORER countries are BRAZIL  INDIA  MALAYSIA  NIGERIA  UGANDA

3. Complete each sentence with the word HIGH or LOW:

Rich countries have .........................HIGH.............................................Life Expectancy Poor Countries have ........................HIGH.............................................Infant Mortality Rich Countries have.........................HIGH.............................................. Daily Calorie Intake Poor Countries have a..........................LOW.......................................... GNP

4. Read the statement below:

The USA is the RICHEST country in the world’.

5. Do you agree with this statement? Give a reason for your answer!

I agree because...are most money , high life expentancy and high daily carolie intake.
..............................................................................................................................
OR
I disagree because...................................................................................................................

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RICH AND POOR COUNTRIES

Exercise 1:
Country: Païs
Life Expentancy: Experiencia de vida
Infant mortality per 1000: Nens mort per 1000
Daily food intake in calories: Mitjana de consum d'aliments en calories
GNP:Gross national product

Rich people, poor people

Només quan l'últim arbre hagi mort,
i l'últim riu hagi estat everinat,
i l'últim peix hagi estat agafat,
ens adoranem que no podem menjar diners.

There are many divisions between the people of the world. One of the biggest is the difference between those who live in the RICH NORTH and the POOR SOUTH. The map below shows that the world can be divided into 2 parts: the Rich North and the Poor South.

Countries in the Rich North are also called DEVELOPED COUNTRIES. Examples of developed countries are: Spain, Great Britain, Germany, the USA, Japan and Australia.

A DEVELOPING COUNTRY is another name used to describe countries in the Poor South. Ethiopia, Mozambique, Brazil and India are all examples of developing countries.

The countries in the Poor South are also called LEDCs (Less economically developed countries) or Third World Countries. The North refers to richer countries, which are sometimes called the First World, MEDCs (More economically developed countries) or The West.

RICH NORTH WORDS	POOR SOUTH WORDS
DEVELOPED COUNTRIES	DEVELOPING COUNTRY
MEDCs	LEDCs
First World	Third World
The North	The South

COUNTRY	DEVELOPING COUNTRY	DEVELOPED COUNTRY
Catalonia(Barcelona)		X
Cuba(La Havana)	X
Scotland(Edinburgh)		X
Sudan(Khartum)	X
USA(Washington)		X
Germany(Berlín)		X
Brazil(Brasília)	X
Ethiopia(Adis Adheba)	X
India(New Dehli)	X
New Zealand(Wellington)		X
Colombia(Bogotá)	X
Australia(Camberra)		X

My description

I'm forteen years old. I am from Barcelona but I live in Sant Joan Despí. I live with my parents and my sister.
My hobbies are play football, do skate, play computer games, reeding and play station.
My favouite colour are red and blue but this colours are of F.C BARCELONA.
I playing football in a club of S.j.d. My favourite singers or bands are:
- "Sfdk, El Piezas, Aloy, Rosa Rosario, Linking Park, Eminem, etc....

The righ of the chlid

CHILD SOLDIERS: Recent estimates suggest that there are almost 300,000 child soldiers throughout the world fighting in over 40 conflicts. In countries such as Burma, Sudan and Afghanistan, children are fighting alongside adults in wars. Many child soldiers are forcibly removed from their homes, taken from their families and made to fight.

EXERCISE 1   Tick the statements that you think are true about child soldiers. A. Child soldiers require less food than adult soldiers, so they are cheaper to feed -->True B. Child soldiers really want to fight and they go freely to the camps and follow orders without having to be given drugs -->False C. Children are more difficult to control than adults -->False D. Children are brainwashed and often given drugs --> True E. Modern weapons are very light and can be easily handled by children --> True Dictation:  Child Workers: Throughout the world, children as young as 5 years old are forced to work. There are 250 million child workers between the ages of 5 and 14. Their  work is often dangerous and is a form of slavery.  Street Children: Many children whose parents have died or no longer want to look after them are left to live on the streets. These children face serious health problems because of solvent abuse and attending school is not possible for them.

Rights and responsibilities

1 The right to an education -------> To attend school an do your homework every day.

2 The right to own a pet -------> To look after and care for your pet.

3 The right to be treated fairly -------> To act responsibly  and treat others fairly.

4 The right to free speech -------> To remember that other people have different opinions.

5 The right to shelter -------> To treat your house and the objects it in with respect.

6 The right to privacy -------> Not to invade other people's.

7 The right to play i be cared for -------> To care for people and to treat others the way you would espect to be treated.

Where are humans rights not respected?

Article 1:
In some countries in the world women are just allowed to go out in the company of their husbands.

Article 2:
In the USA some decades ago black people could not get on the some bus where white people were sitting.

Article 4:
Nowadays there are children slaves that make our sport. In the past many black people from Africa became slave.

Article 13:
In some countries you must ask for permision to the goverment to go out from your contry and go back again.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Human rights are rights to which every human being should be entitled. According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, nobody should be made to live without these basic rights. It was written after the Second World War, when countries were determined not to have a repeat of the human atrocities carried out during the war. For example, the Holocaust, in which millions of Jews were killed.

 http://www.un.org/Overview/rights.html

Examples:

Article 1.

• All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. 

        Tots els humas neixen lliures i amb drets i condicions iguals

• Article 2.

• Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty.

        Tots el humans son igual sense teninr en compte la seva raça, el seu color, el seu sexe, el seu lengustge, la seva religió, la opinió política, i origen social.

Article 4.

• No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms. 
• Ningú auria de ser esclau ni servent s'aurien de prohibir
  

  Article 13.

• (1) Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each state.
• (2) Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country
• .Tothom auria de ser lliure per poder cambia de país i oder tornar quant volguin.

• Article 18.

• Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.
• També tendrien de ser lliures al hora de tenir una religió o cambir quant volguin

Article 24.

• Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay.
• Tothomn hauria de tenir vacances pagades i un lloc de treball. 

• Article 25.

• (1) Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.
• (2) Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection.
• Tothom te dret de viure adecuadament , de roba, de lloc, per viure,de menjar

• Article 26.

• (1) Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.
• (2) Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.
• (3) Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children.
• Tothom tindria de tenir una educació obligatoria i gratuíta. La formació profecional i tecnica  hauria de ser accesible  a tothom.

      

Unit 2: Human Rights

Exercice 1: People in the world have many different legal rights. These rights are guaranteed under the law. However, in many parts of the world there are countries where basic rights simply do no exist.
To solve this problem the United Nations (UN) has agreed on a list of human rights with which we are going to deal with in the following activities.

UNITED NATIONS WEBSITE 
                  












Exercice 2:
   

1. When did the United Nations come into existence?
2. What is the purpose of the United Nations?
3. How many members are there in this organisation?
4. Where is the Headquarters of the United Nations?
5. What six official languages are used?
6. List the 4 aims of the United Nations

     Respostes:
   
  1. On 24 October 1945
  2. Is to bring all nations of the world together to work for peace and development
  3. There are currently 192 Members of the United Nations
  4. In New York City
  5. are used at the United Nations - Arabic, Chinese, English, French,  Russian  and Spanish
 6.

• To keep peace throughout the world.
• To develop friendly relations between nations.
• To work together to help people live better lives, to eliminate poverty, disease and illiteracy in the world, to stop environmental destruction and to encourage respect for each other's rights and freedoms.
• To be a centre for helping nations achieve these aims.

 

Sharyn's visit

Her name is Sharyn. Her nacionality is Scotish(British). Her favourite food is Haggies.
She work in a computer company of dell. The real Scotish men's are has got a kilt.
Her hobbies are dancing salsa and read books.